INTERNET
Internet
stands for International Network of Computers. It is the largest information
base and has become a vital part of our lives. Internet is changing the world
even in more radical way than we ever think. Tasks that were once done mostly
through personal interaction such as banking, shopping or communication can now
be done online.Using
Internet, we can share data and information across the globe instantly.
Internet has made the world smaller, and a better place to live in. Today the
buzzword is only Internet. The network of Internet is getting wider with every
passing day. To analyze how fast the use of Internet is growing, just pick any
newspaper or magazine and carefully observe the advertisements given in them.
You would realise that almost every single company has its website listed in
addition to its address and telephone numbers. Every Organization is making its
presence felt on the internet.
NETWORK
A network
is a collection of computers that are connected to each other with the help of
cables or satellites to share information around the world.InternetInternet is
a network of networks which consists of inter-connected networks. It is a
worldwide network of computers that uses common communication standards and
interfaces to provide the physical backbone for a number of interesting
applications.Using internet
we can review newspapers, magazines, books, listen to music, play games , keep our
self updated with current events, go for online shopping , know about recopies,
check airlines schedules and railway reservations, send e-mails and much more.
HISTORY OF INTERNET
Do you know
which organization is responsible for the emergence of Internet? Let us have a
comprehensive overview of the history of Internet.The History
of Internet starts between 1950s to 60s with the development of computers.
REVIEW- The play started with mithi who goes
into a dream followed with the entry of the lead characters Rani and Appanna
and the play moves further.Rani is mistreated by her husband. When the old lady
gives her a magic powder,it changes her life.Rani reflected the position of a
women in male oriented society. When Rani gets happiness, the society raises
question against her chastity. As ‘Sita’ in the ‘Ramayana’ gives Agni pariksha,
similarly Rani proves her chastity. The play is narrated in a dream sequence
which was a superb technique of the director to begin the play. The play
followed ‘’John Dryden’s view’’ of drama. The play gave a ‘’just and lively
image of human nature’’.The play also presented the psychological disorder of
split personality. This disorder was shown in an amazing way. Aristotle’s
concept of ‘’Catharsis’’ can be seen throughout the play. The romantic scenes
between Rani and Naga were beautifully presented. The presentation of the
scenes was outstanding.
Girish Karnad in his plays tries to
bring out the concepts such as evil effects of social deformity at cultural,
social and psychological level. Karnad’s special skill is that he can
universalize the individual and social dilemma of human beings through the
media of drama. The quality of karnad has given his works a wide appeal. The
first plot of the play is told by the story of the folk tradition. This concept
of framing plot is very unique and this is one of the specialties in Karnad’s
style of writing. This style of writing reinforces the orality and per formative
aspects of their stories in ways that allow audience engagement. Karnad in the
introduction to the play says that, ‘The energy of folk theatre comes from the
fact that although it seems to uphold traditional values, it also has the
means of
questioning these values of making them literally stand on their heads.’’
Karnad in his play Naga-Mandala
exposes the male discrimination women oppression, the injustice done to women
in the patriarchal system and also mythical and historical practices in the
male domination world.
The play includes flames, snake,
avatars, performance of impressive ordeals, cremation of the dead snake and
also background chorus.Naga-mandala stays alive with symbols hidden meaning
open and unspoken lessons and, with each scene. The play starts with curse of
dead audience but we end up reading the play certainly as active and alive.
INTRODUCTION-NAGAMANDALA is a 1988 play written
by playwright, actor and director GIRISH KARNAD .He is a versatile playwright
and knows the demands of the Indian theatre quite intimately. His play puts
forward the idea of chastity through the use of folk lores, myths and
historical legends. He also depicts the concerns of psychological problem,
dilemmas and conflicts experienced by modern Indian men and women in their
different situations.Naga-mandala is a powerful portrait of the suffering faced
by both men and women in their development into adult roles and social
adjustment in a society where the individual is given little space for
self-development, awareness and independence as being.
SUMMERY-In Nagamandala,there is two acts.IN
first act there is a story of Rani and her indifferent and unfaithful
husband,Appanna.Rani is a young bride who is neglected by her indifferent and
unfaithful husband,Appanna.Appanna spends most of his time his concubine and
comes home only for lunch. Rani is one of those typical wives who want to win
her husband’s affection at any cost. In an attempt to do so, she decides to
drug her husband with the love root, which she mixes in curry. The curry is
spilled on the nearby anthill and Naga, the king cobra drinks it.
IN second act, Karnad writes the story
of the relationship of Rani and Naga.Naga who can take the form of a human
being, is enchanted with her and begins to visit her every night in the form of
her husband. This changes Rani’s life completely as she starts to experience
the good thing in life though she never knows that the person with her is not
her husband but the Naga.One of these days, she gets pregnant and breaks the
news to Appanna.He immediately accuses her for adultery and says that he has
not fathered the child. The issue is referred to the village Panchayat.She is
then asked to prove her fidelity by putting her hand in the snake burrow and
taking a vow that she has not committed adultery. It is a popular belief that
if any person lies holding the snake in their hand, they will be instantly
killed by the snake God.
She does place her hand in the snake
burrow and vows that she has never touched any male other than her husband and
the Naga in the burrow. She is declared chaste by the village panchayat.
However her
husband is not ready to accept that she is pregnant with his child and decides
to find out truth by spying on the house at night. Appanna is shocked to see
the Naga visiting Rani in his form, spending time with her and then leaving the
house. Appanna gets furious and begin to fight with Naga. At one point of time
Naga take the form of a snake and escape into the burrow. The villagers see the
snake escaping into the burrow and kill it.However, after this incident Appanna
realizes his mistake and he accept Rani along with the child she is carrying.
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